Defining Sports Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Defining Sports Tourism - Essay Example Daniels also recognizes that sports tourism is a realm to explore to increase an economic situation in a particular location. Adding sports teams or events to a geographic location can increase the local economy and will encourage spending in the area by those who are either participating or are spectators of the particular sporting event. She also adds that though some people like the idea of adding a sports team to their community for the entertainment value, it can be quite costly for the area. This is because a new stadium would have to be built and in turn, it could be publicly financed through taxation in the community. Therefore, this would, in theory, even out the economic status of an area. Though it increases visitors to come to watch a sports team play in a large new arena, it can hinder the local residents by having to deal with additional traffic, having to pay for law enforcement officers to work the events, and even having to contribute to the city through taxation to allow for various roads or whatever means it would take to create a stadium. While it stimulates the local economy, it could also hinder it. Although Daniels acknowledges that many communities host sports events in one way to entertain, it is also to stimulate the local economy. She also concludes that even though sports events hosted in a certain area can boost a local economy, it can also hinder certain areas that are not well equipped to handle as many people as a large scale mega event, for example as the Olympics, the Super Bowl or the World Series. Amateur sporting events, however, have little impact on the existing economy according to Daniels, unless it is an amateur sporting event that lasts over an extended period of days. The sporting events can increase tourism in areas that have offers additional attractions, services, etc and Daniels' central place theory helps predict which geographic locations (primarily based on the size of the city or town) would benefit best from sporting tourism and development due to the resources that are already available within that locale, particularly urban areas. However, there are many other factors that also come into play. The event that Daniels used as an analysis to test this theory is the United States National Softball Association where a youth girls' World Series was held in 2001 in locations of North Carolina and South Carolina that were near to each other. One city, Mecklenburg, was located near Charlotte and had a population of 650,000 people while the other city, York, South Carolina had only 170,000 people. The tournament was centralized in Mecklenburg with the event being held within one facility while in York, the tournament was in four different locations throughout the city. The week-long event had over 300 teams and over 20,000 in attendance between the two cities. Spectators were given questionnaires about how long they were staying, how far they had traveled to get to the tournaments from their ho metown, what their primary reason was for coming as a spectator and what their expense habits were while there. Data were analyzed from the results of these questionnaires and found that expenditures in both cities were approximately the same per person though lodging and dining were significantly higher in Mecklenburg.  Ã‚  

Are Kids Who Kill Victims or Offenders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Are Kids Who Kill Victims or Offenders - Essay Example Lassiter (1998) believes that by analyzing motivations, categorizing traits and an emphasis of situations juvenile killers can be of certain broad types. There are the Gang killers, these are kids who grow up in an environment of violence and hence learn to adapt violent reactions in their daily lives. Fifteen year old Willie Bosket, who had committed over two thousand crimes in New York which included stabbing several people with the intention to kill, was such a child (Katherine Ramsland). Debra Niehof, a neuroscientist, with her research on the connection between violence and the brain suggests â€Å"that violence is the result of a developmental process, a lifelong interaction between the brain and the environment."  Her research leads us to conclude that these kids are merely acting out patterns that they have picked on from their environment. The next category is that of kids who kill members of their family intentionally. They are pressurized, abused, hated, neglected and d o so for the desire to gain. A famous example is that of a fourteen year old Chinese boy who killed his family, stabbing his mother, father and grandfather multiple times simply because he believed he was not well taken care of. Cult killings rise mostly because of adolescent association to satanic symbols and the firm and clandestine connection the kids perceive to have with another world. 16 year- old Roderick Ferrell killed his girlfriend’s parents so that he could steal their car and provide a ride for the members of his vampire cult. This association with the cult is so strong that it envelops the child into believing that he has a license to kill, rob property or damage. The media-inspired violence falls within the formation of these cults, according to Glorio DeGaetano, with the techniques of social reinforcement used on kids that pertains to the onset of their fanatical notions. Pathology plays a key role in determining the motivation of a juvenile killer. Sam Manzie was fifteen when he raped and strangled eleven year old Eddie Werner. Upon investigation it was seem how he had been the victim of a child abuser and had hence developed signs of serious mental illness. The depression and paranoid schizophrenia due to being undiagnosed resulted in his actions (Clark, C. S. 1993). Sexual killers face similar symptoms however their actions hinge more towards a sexual assault of their victims. School killers act due to some perceived wrong done to them. Bullying plays a critical role in activating the onset of their rage (Greenya, 2001). Michael Carneal, a classic example, who was constantly picked on and taunted one day got a gun and decided to act out. He ended up killing three students. Another category is that of killings committed during another crime. Killing is not the main intention of this type however the situation escalates into one that involves murder. Fifteen year old Sandy Shaw lured a twenty four year old into the Nevada desert with the intention to rob him however the crime resulted in the victim being shot six times. Hate crimes that children indulge in are a by product of anger and hate and pent up rage. According to Tru Crime Library, two boys, 17 and 14 shot a gay man in the head and ran him over repeatedly only so they could brag to