Properties of Urena lobata Linn (Caesar Weed)

Properties of Urena order Lobata Linn (Caesar Weed)PLANT PROFILEUrena order Lobata Linn.Botanical Name Urena order Lobata Linn.Common Name Caesar weed part Used Leaves, Stem, Root and Whole install Fig 1. Urena lobata Linntaxonomic ClassificationKingdom PlantaeUnranked AngiospermsUnranked RosidsOrder order MalvalesFamily MalvaceaeSubfamilyMalvoideaeTribe HibisceaeGenus UrenaSpecies U. lobataSynonyms U. americana U. grandiflora, ,U. trilobataVell., Urena diversifoliaVernacular nameVernacular names argon shown in TableTable Vernacular Names of Urena lobataSI. No.LanguagesVernacular Names1HindiBachata, Bachit, Bachita, Bala Bhed, Brachta, Chatkura,Dudh-Khal, Kapasi, Kunjia, Lapetua, Lotloti, Unga, Vilaiti San2.MalayalamUrppam Ottey Udiram, Uram, Uran, Uren, Vatti, Vatto3.KanadaBaralu Kaddi Mara, Bekkina Hejje Gida Dodda Bende, Dooda Bende, Hamsapaadi, Kaadu Thutthi, Otte, Otte Mara, Vatta4.MarathiRantupkada,Rantupkuda, Tupkato, Vanabendha, Vana-Bhenda, Vanbhendi, Wagdau Bhendi5.Sans kritVanabhenda, Nagabala, Bala, Atibala6.TamilOttatti, Ottattutti, Ottu Thuththi, Ottukututti, Ottuttutti, Ottuttutti7.TeleguNalla Benda, Nallabenda, Padanikaada, Pedda Benda, Peddabena, Peddabenda, Piliyamankena, Vana Benda8. faceAra houra Fibre, Congo Jute, Cousin Mahoe, GuaximaGeneral description of Urena lobataLinnCaesar weed called as Bur Mallow, Aramina, Hibiscus Bur and pinko Chinese Burr. It is a sub chaparral 60 cm to 300 cm in altitude and meanspirited diameter is 7 cm. Bark is downy and is hard and gristly, within the mouth is green in assumption and outside it is brown in pretension the wood is medium in density and pale yellow in color. The herb is sustain through lateral and tap lineage arrangement. The color of ivory or brown and root sy staunch is flexible and effective roots. The plant is typically have a solitary stem advance from the land however usually generate more than a hardly a(prenominal) stems and main twigs small in the shoot and a lot of twigs the safe and sound time.Dis-colorous, grayish-green, alternating leaves are pubertal on below and above the leaf. Leaves are angulated, oval in shape and lobbed as shallow of 1 to 12 cm. They have margins of indent shape.. The shape of the fruit is globose and of 8mm to 10 mm of capsules shape and it is having mericarps of quintette smooth barbed. The plant fuck offs throughout moisttropic and subtropical regions (Liogier 1994). home ground Urena lobata Linn, is a herbaceous, upright and semi-woody. It is coming chthonic shrub growing, tomentose and 60 100 cm or more tallness. The small stem as well as branches are covered with somewhat harsh spreading stellate hairs (tomentum) and bearing simple, alternate variable broadly simple to round simple, angled or lobed leaves and sessile or unawares stalked pinkish auxiliary flowers.Leaves Leaves of the plant are simple, alternate, petiolate and stipulateblade-very variable. normally the leaf is broader than long round or ovat e, up to 10-15 cm long, cordate at the base angled or shallowly 5-7 lobed, the lobes not extending half way down or occasionally nearly obsolete in the main acute or acuminate, serrate, stellately tomentose on both surface. But, paler beneath with quint to seven pairs of basal nerves which are prominent on the under surface and below the basement region there is a king-sized gland and occasionally at the base of two lateral withal. heydays Pink colored flowers of Axillary shape and are of typically lonely and petals of five in number. The size of about 1 cm in board. Flower of the herb is shown in FigFig Flower of Urena lobatapetioleVariable in length.StemModerately thick, pubescent in young ones and smooth in mature ones, with long inter nodes.RootThe root system consists of the taproot and several branching lateral roots are middling stout and brown in colour. These may attain a diameter of 5-6 mm and length varying from 20-25 cm. Very small wiry batter color rootlets arise from the lateral roots. Small lenticels are also impersonate towards to base and the outer surface of the root.Major chemical constituentsThe main constituents of Urena lobataLinn, implicate flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides such as -sitosterol, stigmasterol, furocoumarin, imperatorin, mangiferin and quercetin (Keshab2004).It also contains kaempferol, luteolin, hypolatin and gossypetin.Geographical sourceCaesar Weed belongs to Asia. herbaceous plant breeds all through damp sub-tropic and tropical province counting India, Florida, Hawaii, Guam, lah and in American Samoa.EnvironmentalismUrena lobata willingly assault anxious region, curiously badly cope scarified-pastures and eroded-areas, and it is a plantation of perennial category. This herb is less(prenominal) difficulty in coursely takings. Herb does not grow in wood-canopies. This plant is not struggle healthy in giant meadow and brush-lands.CultivationSeed propagation is the method of cultivation of Urena lobata. Befo re sowing the seeds in the prepared land is has soak it in water for 90 min and it will result a high germination rate of 96%.. the seeds are discrete by adhere to fur and clothing. The small seedlings are planted in the on the well-prepared land..SoilThe plant will grow in a different range if soil. Fertility range also differs and the new plant will get fertilizer from parent-materials. It will not cultivate in saturated oil where all the minerals exhausted. It is having the capacity to with held the salt in the soil. Water it is need for its healthy cultivationGrowth and chargeUrena lobata grow very fast and it will reach cover of 0.5 to 2 m in tall in the depression year itself. After the first season it will dying-back i.e. its second year of its first of growth we can collect the fiber after 7-8 months from the plant. It will yield a fiber of 1800 kg/hectare. These fibers are recognized from seeds only. 300-500 kg/ha seeds are getting from the plants of 7 -8 months of age. Since the plant of hostile type the plant in wild way is not advisable.Benefits and DetrimentsThis herb grows as colonies in the concerned area. This growing nature of the plant help to guard the soil, whereas provides revolve in support of natural world. The gorgeous flowers which will contribute to the aesthetic area which hare colonized. Aramina is the fiber which will obtain from this herb, which looks like jute fiber. Congo-jute is the fiber manufactured in Africa and Brazil from the same plant (Fagundes, 2003). A flesh of extract obtained from the roots and leaves from the plant are benefits as herbal-medicine. These extracts are utilize for varieties of disease like malaria, wounds, toothache, fever, colic and joint-pain.A report shows the raw leaves of Urena lobata hold the phosphorous of 67 mg/100g, ash of 21gm, 0.1 gm of fat, 3.2 g protein, 12.8 gm of carbohydrates, moisture of 81.8 %, Calcium of 558 mg and fiber of 1.8 gm. Leaves of Caesar weed return a semi-purifie d glycoside which is 86 % as effectual as the aspirin which is use as anti-inflammatory medicine in rats. In Africa the flowers and leaves are apply as a famine food. The animal fur and the burs that are hoard on clothing are a nuisance. On the other hand, the plant can become a harsh-weed in plantations and pastures and it is slight browsed by the cattle.UsesThe tralatitious uses of the plant were found to be diuretic, febrifuge. and rheumatism. It sever as food for animals as well as humans (Mazumder et al,2001). It is used for malaria, gonorrhea, wounds and toothache.